In IFR operations, what can GPS be used for?

GPS can be utilized in various ways within Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations, making the answer focused on its versatility in navigation methods, including DME, DME arcs, and NDB navigation.

In IFR contexts, GPS serves as a primary navigation tool, offering pilots the ability to navigate directly to the waypoints specified in their flight plan. Additionally, it can be used to supplement or replace traditional navigation aids such as VORs, DMEs, and NDBs, leading to improved accuracy and efficiency during flight.

Using GPS for DME operations is significant, as it provides distance measuring capabilities akin to traditional DME systems, which are crucial for maintaining situational awareness during approaches and en route navigation. Furthermore, GPS can assist in executing DME arcs, allowing pilots to adhere to specific air traffic control procedures effectively.

Although other options mention GPS use in limited contexts, the correct answer encompasses the full range of capabilities, allowing GPS to work in conjunction with multiple navigation systems, enhancing safety and precision in IFR flight operations.