What is a requirement to descend below DA/MDA?

To descend below the Decision Altitude (DA) or Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) during an instrument approach, a pilot must have the necessary visual references to continue the approach to a safe landing. The requirement aligns with the principle of maintaining a normal rate of descent and performing normal maneuvers.

This means that, before descending below these altitudes, the pilot must have visual references, such as the runway, approach lights, or other markers that confirm the aircraft’s position relative to the runway environment. If a pilot does not have these visual cues, they are not permitted to continue descent, as this could lead to a risk of accident, given poor visibility or proximity to terrain.

Obtaining ATC clearance is important for many actions during flight, but the sole requirement for descending below DA/MDA is having visual references and the ability to execute normal landing procedures safely. Completion of a missed approach procedure is required when a safe landing cannot be achieved, and visual contact with another aircraft does not provide the necessary references for conducting an approach and landing safely. Hence, the focus on normal descent maneuvers emphasizes the pilot's ability to navigate the aircraft safely down to the runway once visual contact has been established.